About real estate in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

About land in China - Essay Example Indeed, even they have encountered thankfulness in cost as well. In this situation certain insights can be included. Costs of very good quality land have ascended to 54% from September of the year 2009 and the cost became $500 per square foot. Indeed, even just in November, the lodging costs rose 5.7% in 70 significant urban communities. Development of houses had drafted an across the nation amazing ascent of 194 percent (Bloomberg Business week, â€Å"Is China Headed for A Major Real Estate Bubble?†). The land as well as the economy of China has likewise been blasting. China has encountered a development of 17.4% in the normal yearly pace of outside exchange. It has expanded up to US$ 2,173.7 billion from US$ 20.6 billion over most recent 30 years (Xinhua, â€Å"China Ranks second with 8.8% Of Worlds Exports In 2007†). With monetary development, buying intensity of an individual will likewise be high and simultaneously their utilization level will likewise upgrade. It shows that they will either decide on extravagance or will look for venture choice. In both the circumstances, land industry will be profited. Being an understudy of Finance and having sound information in financial aspects, I am very much aware of the ongoing monetary improvements in China. In addition it has left its impression on the planet economy during the worldwide downturn. It will be my benefit to work in such an economy. Indeed, even engaging with an industry in its development period is a method of upgrading experience level. Land business of China is likewise blasting and delighted in a tremendous development in most recent couple of years. In this manner being an expert, it will be an extraordinary open door for me to join your association of notoriety and raise my profession chart. I have finished my instruction from United States. I have a MBA degree with specialization in Finance. Hence I have a solid foundation in Finance. Indeed, even while seeking after MBA, I was locked in with the investigation of financial matters as

Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essays

Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essays Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essay Why Good Girls Like Bad Boys Essay Application Paper Why Good Girls like awful young men? Pretty much every lady sooner or later in her dating life will fall for an awful kid. For instance there’s Edward and Bella from the Twilight Series and there’s Uncle Jesse from Full House. A terrible kid is a hooligan, a roughneck and an agitator without a reason or he could be the pleasant person nearby who’s smooth as silk, yet where it counts inside he’s an unfeeling individual. Awful young men are the kind of folks your mother cautions you about but since they’ve got hooligan request your presence of mind departs for good. In the event that you ask most females for what good reason they like terrible young men it’s on the grounds that they like the test, the fervor and the adventure of living vicariously. As per transformative thinking, the seclusion of male and female species isn't to mate yet because of their responses to one another. This happens in numerous creatures on the grounds that the female creature becomes pulled in to the male creature that stands apart the above all else different guys. For instance peacock’s spread their wings making themselves increasingly powerless against predators as a kind of approach to pull in the other gender. Peacock’s are taking a chance with their lives which show how solid and committed they are towards sticking out and being over the various peacocks. Ladies discover security, assets, and indications of duty and long haul mates appealing while men discover youth, fruitfulness, and celibacy and momentary mates alluring. Separation is likewise a main consideration for ladies and even creatures whether it’s close or faraway. For a commonplace awful kid and a decent young lady it is generally the acceptable young lady who truly needs to make the main methodology however doesn’t in light of the fact that she’s terrified of what he may think about her. Furthermore, for the terrible kid he just keeps on sticking out however on the off chance that neither one of the ones can approach the other, at that point the fascination would simply end at that. I accept that there is four reasons why great young ladies like awful young men. The first is the mystery dread of closeness. On the off chance that a young lady is pulled in to folks who they can't generally have it is on the grounds that they don’t need a genuine relationship. Young ladies locate a terrible kid so engaging in light of the fact that they can be with him while never letting him get excessively close. This is identified with the connection hypothesis. Since these young ladies haven’t had a dad figure in their life they have an on edge/undecided connection to the person. This is on the grounds that the young lady is portrayed by a worry that others won't respond one’s want for closeness. Besides, it may be the case that it’s an inner mind wish to bring daddy back home. As you definitely know the relationship you had with your dad shapes the connections you will have with different guys. Growing up without a dad or in the event that he father wasn’t sincerely accessible can be a young ladies purpose behind needing to discover somebody who can fill that void. The third explanation is low confidence. In the event that a young lady is involved with a person who lies, cheats, speaks condescendingly to them, at that point they don't like themselves. At the point when individuals like themselves they set gauges about what they need throughout everyday life. In conclusion, is media indoctrinating. The media has programmed such huge numbers of individuals in our general public. For instance, the Jerry Springer Show or the most recent music recordings, in these you can perceive how the media depicts the terrible kid picture as each girl’s dream. Famous TV and music recordings attempt to cause you to accept that it is adequate for folks to disregard females and diminish them as sex items and that's it. In class we read a trial, Dutton Aron Experiment: Some Evidence for Heightened Sexual Attraction Under Conditions of High Anxiety. The trial demonstrated that dread and excitement are connected. A similar piece of the cerebrum is actuated, the amygdala. There was an exploratory scaffold which was a little, weak edge that effortlessly influenced and was found 230 feet over a shallow stream with pointed rocks. At that point there was likewise a control connect which was an a lot more extensive, progressively steady, and more grounded connect which was found 10 feet over a moderately sheltered looking waterway. Guys who crossed either connect were drawn closer by an appealing female and requested to round out a survey. The guys were then given the female’s telephone number. The fascination was estimated by what number of guys called the females. On the test connect half of the guys called the female and on the control connect 12% of the guys called the female. Awful young men are viewed as dissidents: they get into battles, ride cruisers, have adversaries, and so forth and being with dreadful men makes dread and tension, which prompts excitement.

Essay Writing Topics - How To Choose Essay Writing Topics

Essay Writing Topics - How To Choose Essay Writing TopicsWriting an essay can be done in a variety of topics. Some people love the topic of education. Others want to focus on history, and others want to focus on science.One of the most popular topic is work. People write about their jobs, how they make a living, or what they do when they are not working. Many people love to talk about work, as it helps them keep their minds occupied.Information about celebrities can also be used. Most people who read essays are usually interested in what celebrities do for fun. They want to know what celebrities do when they are not on television. This allows them to focus on the topics that interest them and see what interesting tidbits they find.Political and social topics are also interesting topics. This is especially true if you want to write about current events. People want to know what celebrities think, and what their opinions are on current events. They want to know what their thoughts are on their country's political and social institutions.Essays are used in many different situations. It might be used in a college setting to earn credits. It might be used at home in the family room or den to write about hobbies and family life.Everyone has their own reasons for writing an essay. For some people it is something that helps them. Other people use it to show others how much they know about a subject. And, there are still others who enjoy writing for some other reason.There are many ways to get an essay written for personal needs. Some use the Internet to look for topics and look for writing samples. Someuse the self-help section of magazines and books. There are a lot of ways to get an essay written for one's needs. Each person will find what works best for them.If you choose to write your essay yourself, do not expect it to be perfect. It will probably take you longer than most people want, but it is worth it to have the finished product. You can sit back and enjoy it and even laugh at the mistakes you make!

Macbeth by William Shakespeare - 603 Words

As the play goes, Macbeth shows a character of free will. Although his destiny was pre-determined for him by the witches, he took action to believe and to make sure that his prophecies will come true. Macbeth is a strong character with many deep desires that include gaining power, and so throughout the play with the many crimes he had committed, there was no turning back for him. In all, his decisions help shape the future ahead of him. First off, Macbeth encounters the witches and gets a sense of his future of having power as a king. That information gives off a craving for his deepest desire and it influences his actions to deliberately make his future come true. (http://www.enotes.com/homework-help/does-macbeth-have-free-will-his-actions-why-why-336). But if fate is in control of him then fate would have make it come to him instead of Macbeth doing all the work. He even pondered himself that â€Å"if chance will have me king/why chance may crown me without my stir.† (1.3. 156-158). But after, it was clearly seen that his actions were not with his destiny. All the wrong deed that he has done is his fault. It should be himself to blame not Lady Macbeth’s strong persuasion when he decided that â€Å"I am settled, and bend up/each corporal agent to this terrible feat.† (1.7. 89-90). He had a long soliloquy about his rights and wrongs if he did this crime. If fate was behind his actions in this mu rder than why does he still kill King Duncan if he knew his consequences? To that sceneShow MoreRelatedMacbeth by William Shakespeare770 Words   |  3 PagesThe play Macbeth is written by William Shakespeare. It is believed to be written between 1603 and 1607 and set in eleventh century Scotland. It is also believed to be first performed in 1606. It is considered to be one of the darkest and most powerful tragedies. Macbeth, set in Scotland, dramatizes the psychological and political effects produced when evil is chosen to fulfill the ambition of power. The Tragedy of Macbeth is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy and tells the story of Macbeth, a ScottishRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1425 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Just Can’t Wait To Be King Everyone has a quality that they do not like about themselves. Some people struggle to be social, others may be too controlling of people. The list goes on and on, but the point is that everybody has a particular quality that they must learn to control or else that particular quality can get out of hand. Of course, one could write a list of characters that have major flaws. There is no better example than William Shakespeare’s character, Macbeth, in The TragedyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1409 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air.† On October 17th, I had the pleasure of going to see Macbeth performed at the Shakespeare Tavern. Along with its reputation for being â€Å"cursed,† Macbeth is also known as one of the crown jewels of William Shakespeare’s repertoire. In my opinion, the central concept of this particular retelling of the play was the murkiness of character. Throughout the pla y, the many characters go through fierce temptation and strife, and noneRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1203 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play based on King James I, it was written by William Shakespeare, however this play isn’t a king and queen fairy tale, but it’s a play about greed and guilt, chaos and murder and three evil witches who use prophecies to influence Macbeth to do bad things, using flattery would instigate his inner ambition to become king, which in the end doesn’t lead to a very happy ending. Shakespeare’s, Macbeth, was written in the early Jacobean period. During those times, women had no power, theyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†, the author portrays the main character Macbeth as a very tortured and flawed individual whose actions only serve to further unravel him. He is conflicted and power hungry, which drives him to perform evil murders and become a ruthless person. Macbeth’s moral compass is not resilient enough to withstand his wife’s manipulations and he is provoked to act on his malicious thoughts of murder. The author explores the terrible effects that ambition and guilt can haveRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesreaction†. Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a tale which illuminates the consequences of violating the â€Å"Natural order†, the hierarchy of beings in the universe. When Macbeth, a warrior wel l-known for his courage and bravery, murders King Duncan acting on his unchecked ambition to claim the throne, the order was disrupted, the result†¦chaos. Shakespeare uses symbolism to illustrate the atmosphere of the play as the natural order is flung into a state of turmoil. These techniques used by Shakespeare is usedRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1483 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent references in the play of how a king deals with power and if they use it for better or for their own personal gain. In the play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s obsession with his journey to power leads to his failure. This obsession is demonstrated through the prophecies, the murder of his best friend Banquo, and his own demise. Macbeth demonstrates that he is incapable of mastering the power and responsibilities of being a king. This is indicated throughout the play with theRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1045 Words   |  5 PagesBlood appears in only two forms, but many times in Macbeth by William Shakespeare; between the war scene at the beginning of the play and the lifting of Macbeth’s severed being lifted by Macduff at the end. It can be said that Macbeth could have been written in blood that there is such a large amount. What is unique about blood in Macbeth is that the â€Å"imaginary blood† or the guilt that the murderer feels plays more of a role of understand and amplifying the theme of the play, that blood is guiltRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1431 Words   |  6 Pages Macbeth, though originally a valiant and prudent soldier, deteriorates into an unwise king whose rash decisions conclusively end in the atrophy of his title, power, and position. Several facto rs contribute to the downfall of Macbeth, which produce a contagion effect and ultimately end with his demise. He receives help from his â€Å"inner ambitions and external urgings† which result in his downfall (Bernad 49). The â€Å"external urgings† consist of the weird sisters who disclose his prophecies, which enlightenRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare2060 Words   |  9 Pagesthe green one red Macbeth Quote (Act II, Sc. II). Out, out, brief candle! Life s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage and then is heard no more: it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. Macbeth Quote (Act V, Scene V). These quotes have been taken from play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare. Like these quotes there are hundreds and thousands of such heart touching quotes written by Shakespeare in his many different

Yuchanyan and Xianrendong - Oldest Pottery in the World

Xianrendong and Yuchanyan caves in northern China are the oldest of a growing number of sites which support the origins of pottery as having occurred not just in the Japanese island Jomon culture of 11,000 to 12,000 years ago, but earlier in the Russian Far East and South China some 18,000-20,000 years ago. Scholars believe these are independent inventions, as were the later inventions of ceramic vessels in Europe and the Americas. Xianrendong Cave Xianrendong Cave is located at the foot of Xiaohe mountain, in Wannian county, northeast Jiangxi province of China, 15 kilometers (~10 miles) west of the provincial capital and 100 km (62 mi) south of the Yangtze river. Xianrendong contained the oldest pottery in the world yet identified: ceramic vessel remains, bag-shaped jars made some ~20,000 calendar years ago (cal BP). The cave has a large inner hall, measuring some 5 meters (16 feet) wide by 5-7 m (16-23 ft) high with a small entrance, only 2.5 m (8 ft) wide and 2 m (6 ft) high. Located some 800 m (about 1/2 mile) from Xianrendong, and with an entrance some 60 m (200 ft) higher in elevation, is the Diaotonguan rock shelter: it contains the same cultural strata as Xianrendong and some archaeologists believe it was used as a campsite by Xianrendongs residents. Many of the published reports include information from both sites. Cultural Stratigraphy at Xianrendong Four cultural strata have been identified at Xianrendong, including an occupation spanning the transition from Upper Paleolithic to Neolithic times in China, and three early Neolithic occupations. All seem to represent primarily fishing, hunting and gathering lifestyles, although some evidence for early rice domestication has been noted within the Early Neolithic occupations. In 2009, an international team (Wu 2012) focused on the intact pottery bearing levels layers at the base of the excavations, and a suite of dates between 12,400 and 29,300 cal BP were taken. The lowest sherd-bearing levels, 2B-2B1, were subjected to 10 AMS radiocarbon dates, ranging from 19,200-20,900 cal BP, making Xianrendongs sherds the earliest identified pottery in the world today. Neolithic 3 (9600-8825 RCYBP)Neolithic 2 (11900-9700 RCYBP)Neolithic 1 (14,000-11,900 RCYBP) appearance of O. sativaPaleolithic-Neolithic Transition (19,780-10,870 RCYBP)Epipaleolithic (25,000-15,200 RCYBP) only wild oryza Xianrendong Artifacts and Features Archaeological evidence suggests the earliest occupation at Xianrendong was a permanent, long-term occupation or reuse, with evidence for substantial hearths and ash lenses. In general, a hunter-fisher-gatherer lifestyle was followed, with emphasis on deer and wild rice (Oryza nivara phytoliths). Pottery: A total of 282 pottery sherds were recovered from the oldest levels. They have uneven thick walls between .7 and 1.2 centimeters (~1.4-1.5 inches), with round bases and inorganic (sand, mainly quartz or feldspar) temper. The paste has a brittle and loose texture and a heterogeneous reddish and brown color which resulted from uneven, open-air firing. Forms are mainly round-bottomed bag-shaped jars, with rough surfaces, the inner and outer surfaces sometimes decorated with cord marks, smoothing striations and/or basket-like impressions. They appear to have been made with two different techniques: by sheet laminating or coil and paddle techniques.Stone Tools: The stone tools are by and large chipped stone tools based on flakes, with scrapers, burins, small projectile points, drills, notches, and denticulates. Hard-hammer and soft-hammer stone tool making techniques are both in evidence. The oldest levels have a small percentage of polished stone tools compared to chipped, parti cularly in comparison with the Neolithic levels.Bone tools: harpoons and fishing spear points, needles, arrowheads, and shell knives.Plants and animals: Predominant emphasis on deer, bird, shellfish, turtle; wild rice phytoliths. The Early Neolithic levels at Xianrendong are also substantial occupations. The pottery has a wider variety of clay composition and many sherds are decorated with geometric designs. Clear evidence for rice cultivation, with both O. nivara and O. sativa phytoliths present. There is also an increase in polished stone tools, with a primarily pebble tool industry including a few perforated pebble disks and flat pebble adzes. Yuchanyan Cave Yuchanyan Cave is a karst rock shelter south of the Yangtze River basin in Daoxian county, Hunan province, China. Yuchanyans deposits contained the remains of at least two nearly complete ceramic pots, securely dated by associated radiocarbon dates at having been placed in the cave between 18,300-15,430 cal BP. Yuchanyans cave floor includes an area of 100 square meters, some 12-15 m (~40-50 ft) wide on its east-west axis and 6-8 m (~20-26 ft) wide on the north-south. The upper deposits were removed during the historical period, and the remaining site occupation debris ranges between 1.2-1.8 m (4-6 ft) in depth. All of the occupations within the site represent brief occupations by Late Upper Paleolithic people, between 21,000 and 13,800 BP. At the time of the earliest occupation, the climate in the region was warm, watery and fertile, with plenty of bamboo and deciduous trees. Over time, gradual warming throughout the occupation occurred, with a trend towards replacing the trees with grasses. Towards the end of the occupation, the Younger Dryas (ca. 13,000-11,500 cal BP) brought increased seasonality to the region. Yuchanyan  Artifacts and Features Yuchanyan cave exhibited generally good preservation, resulting in the recovery of a rich archaeological assemblage of stone, bone, and shell tools as well as a wide variety of organic remains, including both animal bone and plant remains. The floor of the cave was purposefully covered with alternating layers of red clay and massive ash layers, which likely represent deconstructed  hearths, rather than  the production  of clay vessels. Pottery: The sherds from Yuchanyan are some of the earliest examples of pottery yet found. They are all dark brown, coarsely-made pottery with a loose and sandy texture. The pots were hand-built and low-fired (ca. 400-500 degrees C); kaolinite is a major component of the fabric. The paste is thick and uneven, with walls up to 2 centimeters thick. The clay was decorated with cord impressions, on both the interior and exterior walls. Enough sherds were recovered for the scholars to reconstruct a large, wide-mouthed vessel (round opening 31 cm in diameter, vessel height 29 cm) with a pointed bottom; this style of pottery is known from much later Chinese sources as a fu cauldron.Stone Tools: Stone tools recovered from Yuchanyan include cutters, points, and scrapers.Bone Tools: Polished bone awls and shovels, perforated shell ornaments with notched-tooth decorations also were found within the assemblages.Plants and animals: Plant species recovered from the caves deposits include wild grap es and plums. Several rice opal phytoliths and husks have been identified, and some scholars have suggested that some of the grains illustrate incipient domestication. Mammals include bears, boar, deer, tortoises, and fish. The assemblage includes 27 different types of birds, including cranes, ducks, geese, and swans; five kinds of carp; 33 kinds of shellfish. Archaeology at Yuchanyan and Xianrendong Xianrendong was excavated in 1961 and 1964 by the Jiangxi Provincial Committee for Cultural Heritage, led by Li Yanxian; in 1995-1996 by the Sino-American Jiangxi Origin of Rice Project, led by R.S. MacNeish, Wenhua Chen and  Shifan  Peng; and in 1999-2000 by Peking University and the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics. Excavations at Yuchanyan were conducted beginning in the 1980s, with extensive investigations between 1993-1995 led by Jiarong Yuan of the Hunan Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology; and again between 2004 and 2005, under the direction of Yan Wenming. Sources Boaretto E, Wu X, Yuan J, Bar-Yosef O, Chu V, Pan Y, Liu K, Cohen D, Jiao T, Li S et al. 2009. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal and bone collagen associated with early pottery at Yuchanyan Cave, Hunan Province, China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106(24):9595-9600.Kuzmin YV. 2013. Origin of Old World pottery as viewed from the early 2010s: when, where and why? World Archaeology 45(4):539-556.Kuzmin YV. 2013. Two Trajectories in the Neolithization of Eurasia: Pottery Versus Agriculture (Spatiotemporal Patterns). Radiocarbon 55(3):1304-1313.Prendergast ME, Yuan J, and Bar-Yosef O. 2009. Resource intensification in the Late Upper Paleolithic: a view from southern China. Journal of Archaeological Science 36(4):1027-1037.Wang W-M, Ding J-L, Shu J-W, and Chen W. 2010. Exploration of early rice farming in China. Quaternary International 227(1):22-28.Wu X, Zhang C, Goldberg P, Cohen D, Pan Y, Arpin T, and Bar-Yosef O. 2012. Early pottery at 20,000 years ago in Xianrendong Ca ve, China. Science 336:1696-1700.Yang X. 2004. Xianrendong and Diaotonghuan Sites at Wannian, Jiangxi Province.In: Yang X, editor. Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century: New Perspectives on Chinas Past. New Haven: Yale University Press. vol 2, p 36-37.Zhang C, and Hung H-c. 2012. Later hunter-gatherers in southern China, 18,000–3000 BC. Antiquity 86(331):11-29.Zhang W, and Jiarong Y. 1998. A preliminary study of ancient excavated rice from Yuchanyan site, Dao County, Hunan province, PR China. Acta Agronomica Sinica 24(4):416-420.Zhang PQ. 1997. Discussion of Chinese domesticated rice - 10,000 year-old rice at Xianrendong, Jiangxi Province. Second Session of International Symposium on Agricultural Archaeology.Zhao C, Wu X, Wang T, and Yuan X. 2004. Early polished stone tools in South China evidence of the transition from Palaeolithic to Neolithic Documenta Praehistorica 31:131-137.

The Identity Of The Zoot Suit Riots - 2424 Words

Introduction â€Å"†¦About eight sailors got me outside of the theater and they started beating me up. It happened so fast, I passed out. I woke up with a cracked rib, a broken nose, black and blue all over. I was really beat.†(Alvarez, 2006, p.155) During the 1940s, the public had generated stereotypes of the Pachucos and zoot suits, which were eventually transferred to all Mexican Americans. Many young men like Vicente Morales were attacked, humiliated, and stripped from their fashionable clothes by servicemen. However, to what extent did the fashionable expression of the zooters and the culture of the Pachucos influence the Zoot Suit Riots? An important factor, which contributed to the Zoot Suit Riots, was the influence of the media. Newspapers and propaganda began to detriment the appearance of Pachucos and zoot suits. This dynamic added to the strong anti-Mexican sentiment, and led to the spread of hysteria during the war. In addition, the encouragement from the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD), as well as the presence of the servicemen in Los Angeles immediately led to the riots. Although all these factors contributed to the riots, they all fail to address the important underlying psychological stressors, which caused tension against the Pachucos’ style. Therefore, I claim that that the Girardian persecution dynamic, based on lack of difference between the Pachucos and the patriotic Americans, contributed mainly to the riots. In this paper, I will first introduce theShow MoreRelatedThe Power Of The Zoot By Luis Alvarez1293 Words   |  6 PagesIn the power of the Zoot, Luis Alvarez investigates the multiple meanings of the immensely popular zoot suit culture during world war two (Alvarez, p. 2). The youth were extremely influenced by the zoot suit. The zoot suit gave minorities a sense of belonging. Throughout this book, the author discusses race, gender roles, generation differences, dignity, and national belonging/violence during world war two. Part one of this book â€Å"Dignity Denied: Youth in the Early War Years†, discusses the politicalRead MoreZoot Suit1167 Words   |  5 PagesZoot Suit Based on the notorious 1942 â€Å"Sleepy Lagoon† murder mystery, which resulted in the â€Å"Zoot Suit Riots† in Los Angeles, California, playwright Luis Valdez combines fact and fiction in the play â€Å"Zoot Suit† to portray the fate of 12 young Mexican Americans that were brought to trial for a murder they did not commit. Valdez created the play; â€Å"Zoot Suit† that brought a strong symbolic significance for Mexican Americans and expresses about the riots during World War II. The play, â€Å"Zoot Suit†Read MoreRacial Tension And Civil Unrest1685 Words   |  7 Pagesto protest the racism in the American culture by expressing themselves with their own music, clothing, culture, and style (Cosgrove, 1985). By the time of the Sleepy Lagoon murder in 1942, the stage had been set for the Zoot Suit Riots that occurred in June 1943. Although the riots only lasted ten days, the ramifications ranged from cultural repression on the part of many Mexican American families, to political activism on the part of others, and the beginning of reform within the Los Angeles PoliceRead MoreZoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles Essay1929 Words   |  8 PagesZoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles Outline Topic: The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943: What caused them, what happened, and what were the effects? Introduction Causes for the riots in 1943 History of racism Stylish dress seen as un-American during wartime. Stage set for riots Sleepy Lagoon murder case and the Zoot Suit riots Effects of riots Cultural repression Political activism in Mexican American community Series of reforms in the Los Angeles Police Department Causes Mexican Revolution,Read MoreMulticulturalism Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesassumptions should not be made if understandings are trying to be met. Two perspectives on modern Chinese American identity clash in New York City when Benjamin, a well educated Caucasian whose last name and ethnic identity are products of his adoption as an infant into an Asian American family, and Ronnie, a fully assimilated street musician of Asian ancestry, debate ethnic identity in terms of how best to represent oneself as an Asian American. Benjamin visits New York City to pay homage to hisRead MoreThe Representation Of A Woman s Identity1196 Words   |  5 Pagesdomesticity, the power of society’s gender expectations has dictated a woman’s identity. A dominate belief held throughout American history, these traditional femininity norms were and still are reinforced by immigrant communities today. Nonetheless, what often goes unacknowledged are the stories of those female immigrant youths , Pachuca’s or female gang members, who have rejected societies beliefs to construct new identities centered around hyper-masculine subcultures. Alienated and labeled as hypersexualizedRead MoreEssay on American Me1549 Words   |  7 Pagesfictionalized account of the founding and rise to power of the Mexican Mafia in the California prison system from the 1950s into the 1980s. The story opens by taking the viewer on a journey back in time to the Zoot Suit era of World War II before the birth of Montoya Santana. Santana’s parents were Zoot Suitors. It is here that Santana’s destiny began. Because of the wartime labor shortage of this era, the American and Mexican governments agreed to a program by which braceros (contract laborers)Read MoreThe Legacy Of The Golden State1633 Words   |  7 PagesStreet led the transformation and identity of California by embracing these Spanish roots but erasing those who don’t fit in this imagination of California. In continuing with this exclusion of these particular groups, many of the Anglo habitants of California didn’t live uniformly with the other races of the state. One instant for example was the Zoot Suit Riots of the 1950’s. Pagan explains that fifty sailors stationed at a Navy training school stripped zoot suits off young civilian men which inRead MoreMexicans And Mexican American Youth2035 Words   |  9 PagesMexican American citizens in the times surrounding World War Two. Such hostilities are reflected in our treatment of Mexican Americans in the late 19th after the Civil War and early 20th centuries, the Sleepy Lagoon murder responses, and the Zoot Suit riots. My primary source reveals a feeling of inferiority in the United States by the Mexican American youth due discrimination that they faced, which can be better understood by analyzing the cultural contexts. As railroads expanded during the UnitedRead More Luis Valdezs Play, Los Vendidos Essay2016 Words   |  9 Pagesrebel against the culture that will not accept him. An example is the Zoot Suit Riots that occurred in 1944. The Zoot Suit Riots were a reaction by young Mexican-American males against a culture that did not want them to be a part of it. Stuart Cosgrove examines this issue when he states, In the most obvious ways they had been stripped of their customs, beliefs and language (Vargas 317). These youths were going through an identity crisis because they did not know which culture they could identify

Taxation Practice Law Business Source

Question: Case study 1: Residence and source Fred, an executive of a British corporation specializing in management consultancy, comes to Australia to set up a branch of his company. Although the length of his stay is not certain, he leases a residence in Melbourne for 12 months. His wife accompanies him on the trip but his teenage sons, having just commenced college, stay in London. Fred rents out the family home. Apart from the absence of his children, Freds daily behavior is relatively similar to his behavior before entering Australia. As well as the rent on the UK property, Fred earns interest from investments he has in France. Because of ill health Fred returns to the UK 11 months after arriving in Australia. Requirement Discuss whether Fred is a resident of Australia for taxation purposes. Case study 2: ordinary income Explanations of the respective outcomes reached by the courts in the following cases which all involving sales of land I. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159II. Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188III. FC of T v Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLRIV. Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070V. Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135VI. Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897VII. Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620VIII. McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487(16 marks, max. 2000 words). Answer: 1. This case highlights the provisions relating to residence and source in Australia. Fred is an executive of a British Corporation who had specialization in management consultancy. He came to Australia to set up a branch of his company. The length of his stay was not at all certain so he had leased a residence in Melbourne for twelve months. He has accompanied his wife on the trip but his teenage sons, having just commenced college, stayed in London. His children didnt accompany him. Finally Fred had rented out his family home. Only his children was absent otherwise his behaviour in Australia was very similar to his behaviour before entering Australia. Apart from the business income and rental income he also had a property in U.K. From where he used to get rent. Apart from this he also had certain investments in France from where he earns interest. But due to his ill health he had to return back to London. He planned to live in Australia for twelve months but could stay for eleven mont hs due to his health.(Bobinozcom, 2016) As per Australian Taxation law there are certain provisions which a person need to be fulfilled to be considered as an Australian resident. The condition which needs to be fulfilled is discussed below: Family should be residing in Australia and even the business should be there. All the assets which the concerned person is having should be in Australia. The intention of the concerned person should be to stay in Australia. His living and social arrangements should also be in Australia. If a person has stayed in Australia for more than six months then he shall be considered as a resident of Australia.(Findlawcomau, 2016) If most of the above mentioned conditions are satisfied then the concerned person would be regarded as a resident of Australia. If we analyse the case of Fred then we can observe that he has satisfied most of the conditions mentioned above.(Tracy watkins, stuffconz, 2016) Fred had planned to stay in Australia for twelve months but unfortunately due to his bad health he had to stay for eleven months. This shows that he had stayed in Australia for more than six months. Even though his intention is not to stay in Australia permanently but he is opening a branch here and had also leased a residential home. He came to Australia with his wife but without his two teenage sons. Now since he has opening a branch in Australia, he would be frequently travelling to Australia and would also earn income from his business. He would be having certain assets in Australia as well. After considering all these factors it could be concluded that Fred is considered as a resident of Australia. Just that he didnt stayed in Australia for a long time does not say that he is not a resident, he has satisfied the basic condition which is to stay in Australia for more than six month. Hence, Fred is considered as a resident of Australia.(Austliieduau, 2016) 2. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris If a person has investment and to gain some profit if he is selling it at a very high price then the difference between original cost and the selling price is to be considered as profit. This definition of profit is as per general principle. In such kind of a scenario the profit earned is considered as a part of business.(Atogovau, 2016) In the said case Court had declared that the transaction entered was for the profit purpose. The main reason behind this judgement was that the property was purchased for the purpose of being resold at a profit. Here the intention was to sell the property at profit and not a regular business transaction. If it would have been a regular business operation transaction then Court would have given judgement in favour of the assesse. But since the motive was to earn profit, it was chargeable as an ordinary income. Assess needs to pay tax on the profit earned. It would be taxable under the head Business Income. This is not a generic judgement given by the court; it was purely based on facts. The judgement could be taken as reference in other cases as well but should not be regarded as provisions. The judgement should vary based on the facts of the case.(Bondeduau, 2016) Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T The company had a mining land which it had purchased several years ago. But the problem was that the land was not at all doing well since nothing was there. So company decided to construct roads and several other attractions with the help of which land can be sold at a better price some of the portions were even given to public institutions like schools and churches. (Cchcomau, 2016) In this case Court had given a decision which was not in favour of the company, since Court had an assumption that the land was bought to earn profits. But the actual scenario was something else; company had bought land for some mining purpose. Since the mining land was not doing well, they had constructed roads, some other monuments as well. Since the court decision was not in favour of the company, it had appealed further to Judicial Terrain. Judicial Terrain held that the roads and other things were built since the land was not doing well. It had overturned the decision which was given by the company. The final decision which was given by Judicial was in favour of the company. Now the profits earned from the land would not be assessable and tax under Australian Income Tax law. So it shows that profits would be held taxable depending upon case to case basis.(Austaxpbrcomau, 2016) FC of T c Whitefords Beach Pty Ltd In the case between FCT v Whitefords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR original shareholders of the company sold shares to three development companies which acquired the company with an intention of subdividing, developing and selling the land at a profit. Even the articles of the companies to capture this intention. In the majority of the similar cases High Court had held that such profits would be assessable under Section 26(a) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936.(Tvednetau, 2016) This case is very similar to the above case of Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FCT. Judge held that actions taken by the company was more than a mere realization of a capital asset and also constituted business of land development. Gibbs stated that if a taxpayer does no more than realise an asset then in such cases profits need not be taxable. It does not matter that how the taxpayer has gone to realise the asset in an enterprising way. Just that the taxpayer has realized an asset does not mean that it is converted into the business. But if the same is considered as an operation of business the all the realization and profits should be taxable. Then it would be considered as an ordinary income and would be taxable under the Income Tax Act. The said decision was completely different with the decision given in the Scottish case. As it was discussed in the Scottish case that in such cases decision needs to be taken based on the facts of the case, Decision will differ based on diffe rent facts of the case.(Lexisnexiscomau, 2016) Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC The said case was between Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070, where the applicant said that the amount of $62,884 should not be considered as income as per the ordinary concepts. It should not be considered as a profit arising from the sale of any property. There were several conclusions drawn from the case like land became the property of the owners only at the time of partnership. Hence, there was no venturing of the land in any property development exercise. Owner had also decided to sell the land rather than keeping the land with themselves. After the death of the owner the deceased decided to sell the land rather than continuing with it and finally the nature of sale was not into venturing of capital in the business and it was neither a part of setting up of the business. (Atogovau, 2016) Finally the Court had given the following orders in respect to the said case: Commissioner should pay the costs of the appeal which applicant had to bear. Appeal should be allowed and objection which was raised in 1983 has to be upheld. The income which was derived in the said case would be reduced by the amount of $62,884.(Morsegroupcomau, 2016) Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135 This case was about a father and a son where a father had given his son an Action View farm. This farm was given as a gift to his son. The farm is mainly used by his son for some agricultural activities like dairy production, cropping and beef and sheep implementation. But the biggest issue in this case was that all these activities were not generating profit. So son had decided to sub-divide the land and sell it off. He was under a lot of debt, hence to reduce the debt he has decided to sell the land and earn some profit. The land was then divided into several sub-divisions. After this the commissioner had decided to tax the profit as per Section 25(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. The basis on which this decision was taken was that land was sub-divided only for the reason to generate profits. Hence commissioner had decided to tax the earned profits.(Cchcomau, 2016) It was concluded that the tax payer was not carrying on the business of land development. The conclusion was on the basis that the sub-division of the farm was done on piecemeal basis to reduce debt. There was no plan made by the tax payer to dub-divide the land. If the farm was earning profits then he might not have sub-divided the land. He didnt have any intention to sub-divide the land. Even the largest part of the farm was not sub-divided, this shows that his intention was not to sub-divide or sell the land. Hence it was concluded that the taxpayer had acquired the land for residential and primary production purpose. (Cgwcomau, 2016) Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T Moana Company had purchased a land which was full of sand and the purpose to purchase the land was to selling off the sand. Hence on the basis of this commissioner had decided to tax the profit earned based on the provisions of Section 25(1) and the second part of Section 26(a). But when the land was purchased initially it was taken for doing some business activities.(Atogovau, 2016) While the Court referred to the need for a main purpose of profit making by resale for the operation of the first limb under section 26(a), no rationale for excluding such. This case did not provide strong authority for the proposition even though it supports the Commissioners stance. This case was very different from the case of Kratzmann because the sale of land was the main purpose of the company. Hence at the end the appellant case of rejected since it was very different from the Kratzmann case. Hence the income derived from the sale of land needs to be charged under Income Tax Assessment Act.(Austaxpbrcomau, 2016) Crow v FC of T In the case of Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620 farmer had borrowed hefty amount of money so that he could purchase five blocks of land over a period of 10 years. The farmer had used the land for farming, growing crops and grazing but later on it was sub-divided. After the two years of purchase and then over a number of years he had almost sold around fifty-one blocks. By selling these fifty-one blocks he had earned an overall net-profit of $388,288. On the basis of these facts Court had held that land was used for earning profits. Since he was carrying on the business of land development. Court had acknowledged that in starting land was used as a farm but evidence was found that the farmer had known about the outset because of the size of the debts entered into that some kind of land would need to be sold. In this case various properties were purchased and then eventually sub-divided. These sale of parcels of land involved transactions which were very repetitive and systematic and had the features of continuing business of land development. This case was distinguished with the Scottish Australian Mining case that the property was used as a mine for much longer period of time than the farming business in the current case.(Cchcomau, 2016) All the transactions which were entered by the tax payer clearly show that his intention was to earn profit. His activities were viewed as carrying on business of land development and profit would be considered income as per the Section 25(1) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. As per the Taxation Ruling TR 92/3 it was not clear that what the High Court meant by profits made in the ordinary course of business. Hence two types of office would come under such descriptions which are: Transaction not directly entered in its main business activity; instead it should be incident to the business activity of the tax payer. Profits and gains should be arrived from the latter. Profits arising from transactions which are a part of ordinary business.(Tvednetau, 2016) McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487 In this case McCurry had purchased a land on which an old house was already there. Then the company decided to remove the house and build three townhouses on the land. They had tried to advertise these townhouses for sale before its completion but unfortunately it was not successful. Due to this family had decided to move into two of the townhouses and live there for almost one year at which they were sold resulting in a total net profit of $150,000. Then after some time they purchased a second block of land where they constructed units and then sold them. On the basis of this court has decided that profits needs to be considered as assessable income since it was resulted from a commercial profit making activity. This case was gone beyond just a mere realization since properties were put in the market prior to the completion.(Atogovau, 2016) Hence the court held that the property was used for mere intention of selling the property. The income or profit derived from the sale needs to be taxed under the Income Tax Assessment Act. Both the brothers need to pay tax on the profit which was derived by selling the property.(Chefseitede, 2016) References Atogovau.(2016).Atogovau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?DocID=TXR/TR923/NAT/ATO/00001 Atogovau.(2016).Atogovau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?docid=AID/AID2002483/00001 Atogovau.(2016).Atogovau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?DocID=TXR/TR923/NAT/ATO/00001 Atogovau.(2016).Atogovau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?docid=AID/AID2002483/00001 Austliieduau.(2016).Austliieduau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/itaa1997240 Austaxpbrcomau.(2016).Austaxpbrcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://austaxpbr.com.au/document/PBR_36218 Austaxpbrcomau.(2016).Austaxpbrcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://austaxpbr.com.au/document/PBR_3062 Bobinozcom.(2016).Bobinozcom.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.bobinoz.com/blog/807/6-ways-to-emigrate-to-australia Bondeduau.(2016).Bondeduau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://epublications.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1211 Cchcomau.(2016).Cchcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio549860sl16841994/federal-commissioner-of-taxation-v-whitfords-beach-pty-ltd-high-court-of-australia-17-march-1982 Cchcomau.(2016).Cchcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio539843sl16716249/casimaty-v-fc-of-t-federal-court-of-australia-10-december-1997 Cchcomau.(2016).Cchcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio545564sl16800674/crow-v-federal-commissioner-of-taxation-federal-court-of-australia-17-august-1988 Cgwcomau.(2016).Cgwcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.cgw.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Tax-and-GST-issues-with-small-property-developments-Greg-Cahill-May-2015.pdf Chefseitede.(2016).Chefseitede.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://chefseite.de/gb/index.php?sgb_option[suche] Lexisnexiscomau.(2016).Lexisnexiscomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.lexisnexis.com.au/campus/study-help/taxation/understanding-taxation-law-2012/documents/utl12solch14.pdf Morsegroupcomau.(2016).Morsegroupcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.morsegroup.com.au/files/docs/white papers/morse group_white paper_selling the farm piecemeal.pdf Findlawcomau.(2016).Findlawcomau.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/4297/how-are-permanent-residency-visas-granted-in-austr.aspx Tracy watkins, stuffconz.(2016).Business Insider Australia.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/the-door-just-opened-for-thousands-of-new-zealanders-to-become-australian-citizens-2016-2 Tvednetau.(2016).Television Education Network.Retrieved21 August, 2016,from https://www.tved.net.au/index.cfm?SimpleDisplay=PaperDisplay.cfm

Analyzing Wal-Mart competition - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Analyzing Wal-Mart competition - Smart Custom Writing Group councelingGroup counceling is usually held in small groups of 7-10 people. Included in this group of people, sharing their thoughts, feelings and behavior problems, they provide a topic for discussion. It is assumed that each team member is involved in the process by responding to other members through feedback, support, and providing solutions to problems. The leader, or team leader, usually has special training in methods of group counceling and strives to create an atmosphere of trust, openness, responsibility and interdependence. Facilitator demonstrates the typical behavior patterns and guide the process of understanding, caring about others, and resolve conflicts. Differences between group counceling and group psycho therapy are mainly related mainly to the group, the expected depths of personal changes of its members and the nature of the preparation of its head. Methods and procedures used in the group counceling and groups therapy are very similar. In fact, members of the advisory group may be people of any origin, and any profession, usually falling in the normal range of adaptability and ability to cope with life situations. They join the group to achieve a deeper understanding of themselves as individuals and develop their individual potency. Members of the therapeutic group bring to the discussion of more serious personal problems and may have neurotic symptoms or neurotic to be chronic with limited ability to cope with life's problems. Normally, more intensive individual work is needed for them in order to change the basic structures of the individual. The leaders of consulting and treatment groups should have special training in leadership groups. Consultants tend to focus on issues of normal development throughout life. In preparation psychotherapists, usually, more time is devoted to mastering the methods of working with abnormal populations and to study psychopathology. Groups are natural phenomena in human history. Organized groups were preceded by various religious movements, drama and miracle. Some historians refer to the work of Mesmer as the predecessor of group treatment. There are many people who recognize the work of John G. Pratt and its essential connection with "class method" which was the beginning of scientific group treatment in the United States. Physician Pratt used the method of training policy, telling patients with tuberculosis, which he had treated about hygiene. His ideas were based on the need to raise the morality of patients, habituating them to maintain cleanliness. His method was more like what we call the "leadership". Soon, it became clear that his patients benefit more removed from the supportive atmosphere of the group than from the reported information in the classroom. In Europe, group methods have started to apply Alfred Adler and Jacob Levy Moreno. Adler advised the children in the presence of the group, the reason was to train other professionals to individual counseling. And again, it was noted that a group or audience had a positive impact on the outcome of counseling, if people included in it ask questions and interact. This methodological procedure used and present-day Adler's followers with a dual purpose of training and consulting. Moreno worked with homeless people in Vienna. He has worked with street children, displaced persons and prostitutes. Moreno introduced psychodrama in the United States and coined the term â€Å"group therapy† and â€Å"group psychotherapy†. Among those who had a great influence on the group therapy in the U.S., is Samuel R Slavson promoting methods, known as active group therapy. His methods were created in the course of working with socially maladjusted children. In Chicago, Rudolph Dreykurs, working with family groups and children used the Adler’s principles. Carl Rogers and client-centered or phenomenological approach helped to popularize group work. Lack of adequately trained staff and a great need for rehabilitation and maintenance therapy accelerated adaptation Roger’s principles to group work with veterans. Although, the practiconers tried to clarify the content of the terms "leadership" and "group counceling", the controversy on this issue escalated to the limit, as the authors continued to insist that counseling - highly personal process and should be done individually. The professionalism of school counselors, consultants working in public organizations and private practice, increased confidence in the group counceling Recognition of the variability of group counceling also helped the activists of the Movement for the human potential and such professional organization’s advisers, as the American Association of Personnel Management and the American Psychology Association. Each of these large organizationss have ethical codes related to the domain group work names. Gazda, Duncan and Sisson explain the distinctive features of diverse group methods: Guidelines Group and individual groups of human species potential are characterized as predominantly prevention for business purposes, group counceling, T-groups, groups of sensory, group meetings as a part of preventive and remedial causes an increase in the right place; group psychotherapy as therapeutic for other purposes. Range of clients, their psychological and physical health, working environment, the value of the group, length of sessions and duration of the course are also reflected in a special meaning or purpose of each of these three clearly distinct groupings. Corey and Corey proposed treatment, group counceling, adopted in the present-day practice: group counceling which is focuses on the problem of some kind educational, professional, social or personal and often performed in public institutions such as schools, institutions for the mentally sick. Health and various agencies which provide services to the public group counceling are usually different from the group therapy that has to deal with the problems which are conscious and aimed not at a serious change of personality and the resolution of specific current difficulties and are not associated with the treatment of neurotic or psychotic disorders. Yalom examines healing factors (as he calls them), working in group therapy of any type. In these diverse factors, it is easy to see real effects associated with the management teams and group dynamics and psychotherapy. Supply of information. This function covers the consultant carried out didactic instruction, as well as tips, tricks, or direct instruction offered by a consultant or other members of the team for solving the problems of life. Engendering of hope. Proved that the expressed expectations of success and belief in this method, potential members of the group associated with positive sharp group working in groups. Versatility. Participation in the group often helps people to understand that they are not alone in their experiences, their problems, which seem to be unique, are not so rare. This knowledge often brings a sense of relief. Altruism. The group members assist each other in substantial help by offering support and comfort, giving advice and giving insights, sharing with each other similar problems. It is important for group members to realize that they are capable of mutual aid. Corrective recapitulation of primary family group, according to Crothers, Ch. (1996), has similarities with the families of several important respects. Many of the team members have very bad experience in their primary families, and the group provides an opportunity to study and restructure of important family relationships, creating an atmosphere of support. Development of ways of socialization. Although used in different kinds of groups, methods can vary greatly (from the immediate, practical mastering of skills to master them indirectly), social learning takes place in all groups. The development of basic social skills or interpersonal skill the result of group counceling, to achieve which helps feedback between group members. Initiation of behavior. One member of the group often watches the other team member works with a similar problem. Thanks to the replacement therapy observer can include in your repertoire, or try out new patterns of behavior for themselves, proposed or simulated by group leader or other team members. The goal of therapy is to help team members learn more rational philosophy of life, to behave more intelligently and, therefore, to live a fuller life. This kinds of therapy made a furor in the world of psychology and brought a new understanding of the human being. References Scheidlinger, S., Schamess, G. (1992). Fifty Years of AGPA 1942-1992: An Overview. MacKenzie,R. (Ed). Classics in Group Psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press. Trauma Treatment Initiatives: American Group Psychotherapy Association. New York Times Burns, T. R., Flam H. (1987). The Shaping of Social Organization: Social Rule System Theory with Applications London: Sage Crothers, Ch. (1996). Social Structure, London: Routledge Porpora, D. V. (1989). 'Four Concepts of Social Structure', Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 19 (2), pp. 195–211.

Air Safety essays

Air Safety essays Now there is roughly one major accident per 1 million flights with increased air traffic by 2015 there would be one fatal crash a week. (CNN.com) So in the near future if stricter regulations are not placed on the people building, inspecting and flying these planes. Future airplane crashes will be responsible for killing hundreds of people a week. Air safety is also important because it effects Americas economy. American airlines alone logged 9.5 million scheduled flights in 1997and had 625 passengers. (Gaffney There are four areas where air safety needs to be improved. The most important area is human error which has caused over 70 percent of airline accidents since 1950. Other important areas of air safety is finding better and more accurate ways of predicting the weather. Security needs to be increased in the ways of detecting weapons and explosives. The final area of air safety that needs to be improved is the Since 1950 over 70 percent of airline accidents have been caused by Human error. The reason is simple while all other aspects of air travel have been improved, human behavior still has its age-old imperfections. Which is why the Gore Commission spot lighted the need for more work on the human side of aviation safety research. Government and industry aviation research should emphasize human factors and training. The Gore Commission said to Bill Clinton in its Human error was responsible for the Deaths of 583 people on March 27 which was the worst commercial air disasters in history. The disaster happened when KLM and Pan Am pilots did not see each others airplanes, because of thick fog, and collided. (Two 747 jumbo jets collide at Tenerife) Most fatal accidents are caused when perfectly working aircraft are flown in to the ground which is called controlled-flight-into-terrain (CFIT). (Gaffney 45) This ...

PRINCE and PRINCE2 Frameworks in Management and Business Strategy Essay

PRINCE and PRINCE2 Frameworks in Management and Business Strategy - Essay Example This management method was initially developed for use in IT projects (PRINCE) but has since been expanded in scope to deal with project management in any type of organization (PRINCE2). This report will focus mainly on PRINCE2 since this method is more extensive and applicable to all kinds of organizations. PRINCE2 is owned by the United Kingdom Office of Government Commerce or OGC, and it is in the public domain, which means it is free and available for use by anyone (Office of Government Commerce, 2005). The only potential cost incurred when utilizing PRINCE2 is the cost of training and certification (see the "APM Certification in PRINCE2" section below). When a client addresses a problem and contracts a company to remedy their problem, the PRINCE2 method can be used to set the framework for how the resulting project is to proceed. The objective of PRINCE2 is to allow newly minted businesses to start off successfully, by learning from their predecessor's mistakes, rather than to reinvent the wheel, per se, of project management. In effect, PRINCE2 is available to facilitate the most efficient and directed project management possible. ... The top problems were, "unclear direction, over- or under-worked staff, people and equipment not available when needed, rework or wasted effort, final tasks were rushed, poor quality work, problems late and overspent, small problems had a big impact (Bentley, 2003)." This is rooted in a number of sources, including "customer involvement, coordination, communication, planning control, progress, and quality control (Bentley, 2003)." Although it may seem that businesses should easily overcome these problems out of common sense, the reality is that many businesses do not know the proper way to consistently apply their past mistakes to problematic issues that regularly arise. The PRINCE2 framework can be used as a robust, adaptable system that project managers can consult throughout each stage of a project. There are eight steps, or phases, in the PRINCE2 method. These phases, which constitute the Business Case (i.e. the justification for the project) must be carried out fully to ensure that the end product is high-quality, generated in the allotted amount of time, and utilizes only the funds that are allocated for it (Office of Government Commerce, 2005; Getronics, 2003). The first step is called the start-up phase, during which project managers decide whether or not to accept the project desired by the customer, based on their own resources and capacity. Essentially, the managers address the question, "Is this project worth doing, and, if yes, are we fully equipped to complete it" This is an important phase during which the feasibility of the project is assessed and the company decides whether they can aptly handle the requests of the customer in the time allotted.

Doctrines in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Doctrines in the US - Essay Example By now, the American foreign policy makers should have already adopted a unified doctrine that should be applied by subsequent US presidents. The reasons given below show why a unified doctrine is the best way forward for America: History exists to teach and those who do not take the lessons of history to heart are always bound to repeat the same mistakes over and over again. In the 19th century, America did not bother with the occurrences outside of their borders (Carp 259). During the Spanish-American war and indeed during the Roosevelt Corollary, the stance was largely maintained except it had a twist. Instead of America just minding its own business, it was going to act as a broker of regional power. Many historians considered the intention of America as a power broker as just an act of lip service. Action was finally taken by the then president Wilson who decided to commit American troops in the 1st World War and marked the first real intention that the country had the desire to take world affairs on its heels. However, even before there was a chance for the country to prove itself as a leader of world affairs, it instead retreated and chose to support a League of Nations. The next spur to action was occasioned the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941, which signaled the entry of America into the world war. The dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in 1945 was also a major wake up call which marked the end of American participation in World War II. The 2nd world war was the only time that America chose to act on the world stage and since then has worked vehemently in a bid to containing and eventually defeating communism. This brief history of the American action shows that the country had largely acted as a sole entity not wanting to be involved in world affairs. It was only after the attack on Pearl Harbor that the country realized that the isolationist stance was only going to hurt it in the long term. The advances in technology pose an eve n bigger threat to the security of the citizens of the United States as well as peace and stability on the international stage. The war on terrorism is going to be a long and protracted one aided by technology and religious sycophancy. The reluctance of the US to pursue the terrorist prior to the occurrences of 2001 was very costly for Americans. Therefore, there is need for one doctrine in order to avoid such occurrences from happening again in the future. The way that America conducts itself on the world stage in the name of fighting terrorism should be scrutinized so that it aids in the attraction of allies rather than the formation of adversaries. Already, there is a perception that America acts unilaterally when fighting terrorism which creates an aura of anti-Americanism which can only be detrimental in the future efforts by the country to fight terrorism. Long-term allies like Germany and France feel that America should channel its efforts on the war on terror through multila teral institutions like the United Nations. Currently, US presidents do no consultations with world leaders before taking any action. President Bush literally went into Afghanistan and Iraq amidst opposition from many quarters in the international scene. President Obama recently invaded a sovereign country, Pakistan, and conducted a raid without involving any other leadership. This can be

Gel Electrophoresis In Analysis Of Sickle Cell Genes

Gel Electrophoresis In Analysis Of Sickle Cell Genes This experiment was carried out in order to outline a scheme for the investigation of Sickle Cell Gene Analysis and to understand and carry out the agarose gel electrophoresis. Besides that, the importance of restriction enzyme and the mechanism of the enzyme in separating the specific amino acid sequence were completely understood. The fragment bands observed on the gel electrophoresis from the experiment results was interpreted and understood. The controls (tube A-C) and 3 DNA samples [tube D (Mother), E (Unborn Child), F (Father)] which was amplified and digested with the MST 11 enzyme was analysed for the sickle cell genes using gel electrophoresis. Once the electrophoresis apparatus and the gel were prepared, the controls and the samples were loaded consecutively into the respective wells. The power source was set at 125V and left to run for 30 minutes. Following that, the gel was then stained using the Ethidium Bromide staining card. The gel was left to stain for 15 to 20 minut es and was later observed under a UV Transilluminator. Tube B (control), D (Mother) and F (Father) was heterozygous for Sickle Cell Disease, Hb AS whereas tube E (Unborn child) was homozygous for Sickle Cell Disease, Hb SS. Sickle Cell gene analysis is essential for reasons such as preparation of financial source to carry out treatment for the child if the child appears to be Hb SS. Treatments such as bone marrow transplantation and blood transfusion can be done to manage and treat Sickle Cell Disease children. Introduction Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder, characterized by the presence of sickle shaped red blood cells (Figure 1) (Wun and Hassell, 2009) (Oniyangi and Omari, 2006) (Stuart and Nagel, 2004). http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/blood/sickle_cell_anemia2.jpg Normal healthy individuals carries 3 main haemoglobins; Haemoglobin A (Hb A), Haemoglobin A2 (Hb A2) and Haemoglobin F (Hb F) (Wood et al, 1976). In Hb A, the glutamic acid (GAG) is situated on the 6th position of the ÃŽ ²- globin chain. Mutation of a single nucleotide (GAG to GTG) (Pan et al, 2007) (Stuart and Nagel, 2004) which takes place in the 6th position of the ÃŽ ²- globin chain (Figure 2) (Wun and Hassell, 2009) (Cleon et al, 2009) of Hb A results in the formation of Haemoglobin S (Hb S) which causes SCD (Pan et al, 2007) (Cleon et al, 2009) (Stuart and Nagel, 2004). The acidic (negative charged) glutamic acid is replaced by the polar (neutral) valine (Frenette and Atweh, 2007) (Cleon et al, 2009) (Stuart and Nagel, 2004). Sickle cell genes (autosomal recessive) are inherited from the parents (Figure 3) (Frenette and Atweh, 2007) (Wun and Hassell, 2009). One copy of gene are passed down from each parent to the fetus, therefore, a fetus will have 2 copies of genes to make the ÃŽ ²- globin. Heterozygous SCD patients (carriers) (Hb AS) had inherited 1 copy of normal gene and 1 copy of defective gene whereas homozygous SCD patients (Hb SS) had inherited 2 copies of defective genes (Frenette and Atweh, 2007) (Makani et al, 2010) (Oniyangi and Omari, 2006). The amount of defective genes in heterozygous patients is insufficient to cause symptoms because they have a proportion of normal genes as well. (Makani et al, 2010). Therefore, most SCD carriers are unaware of the presence of Hb S in them. Homozygous SCD patients has insufficient normal genes; therefore symptoms of SCD are clearly demonstrated by them (Makani et al, 2010) (Oniyangi and Omari, 2006). The image shows how sickle cell genes are inherited. A person inherits two copies of the hemoglobin gene-one from each parent. A normal gene will make normal hemoglobin (A). An abnormal (sickle cell) gene will make abnormal hemoglobin (S). When each parent has a normal gene and an abnormal gene, each child has: a 25 percent chance of inheriting two normal genes; a 50 percent chance of inheriting one normal gene and one abnormal gene; and a 25 percent chance of inheriting two abnormal genes. If both parents are carriers for SCD, the child has a 50% chance of being carriers, 25% chance of being homozygous for SCD and 25% chance of having 2 copies of normal genes (National Blood, Lung and Heart Institute). Sickle Cell gene analysis is an important screening test for a married couple. The fetus should be screened for SCD if one parent is a carrier for SCD (Tshilolo et al, 2008) (Streetly et al, 2009). It is important to ensure whether the child is heterozygous or homozygous for SCD for reasons such as financial preparation for treatment of the child (if child is homozygous for SCD) (Streetly et al, 2009) (Tshilolo et al, 2008). Sickle Cell gene analysis can be done using gel electrophoresis. The Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sample can be obtained from white blood cells (in adults) and from the amniocentesis fluid (in fetus). The samples can then be amplified with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (Rahimi et al, 2008) (Bruzzone et al, 2008). PCR produces copies of DNA which had been obtained from a small sample, to ensure the amount of sample is sufficient for the SCD gene analysis (Bruzzone et al, 2008) (VanGuilder et al, 2008). The multiplied DNA sample will then be digested with a restriction enzyme (Sasnauskas et al, 2007) (Rahimi et al, 2008), for instance MST 11. This enzyme recognizes the CCT-GAG-G sequence of the amino acid on the ÃŽ ²- globin and will bind to cleave (cut) that DNA strand which it recognizes (Figure 4). Due to the substitution of amino acid in SCD (CCT-GTG-G), the MST 11 enzyme cannot recognize that mutated sequence so therefore, will not cut that mutated DNA strand (Sasnauskas et al, 2007). As a result, the normal genes will be cut by the enzyme and will become short fragments whereas the sickle cell genes will be an uncleaved long fragment. The DNA from a normal individual (Hb AA), SCD carrier (Hb AS), and SCD homozygous individuals (Hb SS) produces fragments of different sizes and lengths (Rahimi et al, 2008) after digested with the restriction enzyme. Figure 4: The picture on the (left) shows the sites recognized and would be cleaved by the restriction enzyme in a normal ÃŽ ²- globin allele, whereas the enzyme would not cut the altered ÃŽ ²- globin allele (SCD). The picture on the (right) shows the different fragments bands of different sizes and lengths demonstrated in a gel electrophoresis (www.bio.miami.edu) These fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis (Figure 4). Gel electrophoresis is used to separate molecules such as DNA by using an electric field applied to a gel matrix. Smaller DNA fragments are able to squeeze through the pores of the gel, compared to the larger fragments (Rahimi et al, 2008). The sickle cell genes (long fragments) will be slowest to move compared to the normal genes which had been cut (short fragments). The electrophoresis gel will finally be stained and observed under an Ultra Voilet Transilluminator to view the bands produced. This experiment was carried out in order to outline a scheme for the investigation of Sickle Cell Gene Analysis and to understand and carry out the agarose gel electrophoresis. Besides that, the importance of restriction enzyme and the mechanism of the enzyme in separating the specific amino acid sequence were completely understood. The fragment bands observed on the gel electrophoresis from the experiment results was interpreted and understood. Method Gel Bed Preparation The open ends of a clean and dry gel bed (casting tray) was closed by using a tape. The  ¾ inches wide tape was extended over the sides, and the bottom edges of the bed. The extended edges of the tape were then folded back onto the sides and bottom. The contact points were pressed firmly to form a good seal. Next, the well former template (comb) was placed in the first set of notches at the end of the bed. The comb was placed firmly and evenly across the bed. Casting Agarose Gels Agarose gel (0.8g), concentrated buffer (2ml of 50X), and distilled water (98ml) were added into a 250 ml flask to prepare the gel solution. The volume in the flask which gave the total volume of 100 ml was marked with a marker pen. Next, the mixture was swirled to disperse the agarose powder clumps. The level of the solution on the outside of the flask was indicated with a marker pen. The mixture was then heated to dissolve the agarose powder. The flask was covered with a plastic wrap to minimize the evaporation rate. The mixture was then heated in high temperature for a minute. After that, the mixture was swirled every 25 seconds while it was heated in high temperature, until all the agarose was completely dissolved. The final solution produced was clear (like water), without any undissolved particles in it. The agarose solution was then cooled to 550 C by swirling it carefully, so even dissipation of heat was promoted. Distilled water was added to bring the solution up to the orig inal volume as marked on the flask when evaporation was detected. The interface of the gel bed sealed with the tape, was checked once the gel has cooled slightly to avoid leakage of the agarose solution. A transfer pipette was used to deposit a small amount of cooled agarose solution to both ends of the bed and left for a minute for the agarose to solidify. Finally, the bed was placed on an even surface and the cooled agarose solution was poured onto the bed. The gel was allowed to completely solidify. The gel appeared firm and cool after approximately 20 minutes. Gel Preparation for Electrophoresis The tape was carefully and slowly removed from the gel bed once the gel was completely solidified. The comb was slowly pulled straight up to be removed. This was done carefully and evenly to prevent the sample wells from tearing. The gel (on the bed) was placed into the electrophoresis chamber, orientated properly and centred on a level and even platform. The 50X buffer was then diluted in distilled water to prepare a 500 ml of 1X buffer. Once the buffer was prepared, it was poured into the electrophoresis apparatus chamber. The gel was completely covered with the buffer. The samples were then loaded to conduct the electrophoresis, as discussed below. Loading of Samples The sample volumes were checked to ensure small amounts of samples were not clanged onto the walls of the tubes. The entire volume of the samples was ensured to be at the bottom of the tubes, before the gel was loaded with the samples. 25 µl of DNA samples from tubes A to F was loaded into the wells in a consecutive order (Table 1). Running the Gel The cover was snapped down carefully onto the electrode terminals after the DNA samples were loaded. The negative and positive colour coded indicators on the cover and the apparatus chamber was properly orientated. The plug of the black wire was inserted into the black input of the power source (negative input) and the plug of the red wire was inserted into the red input of the power source (positive input). The power source was set at 125V and the electrophoresis was conducted for 30 minutes. Bubbles observed on the two platinum electrodes indicated that the current was flowing properly. Once the electrophoresis was completed, the power was turned off and the plug was unplugged from the power source. The leads were disconnected and the cover was removed. The gel was removed from the bed to be stained with Ethidium Bromide. Staining the Gel After electrophoresis, the gel was placed on a flat surface and was moistened with several drops of the electrophoresis buffer. The Ethidium Bromide staining card adhesive was removed and placed onto the surface of the gel (where the wells were). Fingers were firmly run over the entire surface of the card several times. Once that has been done, an empty beaker or the casting tray was kept on top of the gel with the staining card to maintain good contact between the gel surface and the card. The gel was left to stain for about 15 to 20 minutes. The card was then removed from the gel surface and the surface of the gel was rinsed with the buffer. The gel was then examined on a Visible Light Gel Visualization System or an Ultra Violet Transilluminator. The fragment bands formed on the surface of gel was observed, and interpreted. Discussion Based on the results obtained, Sample A (Control for Normal Gene) had only 2 bands on the gel when observed under the UV Transilluminator. This is because, the restriction enzyme, MST 11 only cuts the amino acid sequence which it recognises. The MST 11 had cut the CCT- GAG- G sequence from the DNA strand of this normal Hb A gene. Therefore, two bands are formed instead of 1 band. The long fragment had now been cut to two short fragments. Since the MST 11 only recognises the CCT- GAG- G sequence which is on the beginning of the strand, this band appears shorter than the remaining band after it has been cut. Short fragments are able to squeeze through the gel pores easily compared to the longer fragments. Since glutamic acid (GAG) is negatively charged, and is therefore shorter than the remaining fragment, this fragment travels faster and further from the well towards the anode (positive terminal) compared to the remaining fragment. Sample D (Mothers DNA) had the same results as Sample F (Fathers DNA) and Sample B (Control for Sickle Cell Trait Gene). There were 3 bands observed on the gel under the UV Transilluminator. Since these samples are heterozygous for SCD (Hb AS), they have inherited 1 copy of normal gene and 1 copy of defective gene. The restriction enzyme did not recognize the sickle cell gene (CCT- GTG- G). Therefore, the MST 11 enzyme did not cut that sequence. As a result, that fragment appeared to be 1 long fragment and could not easily squeeze through the pores of the agarose gel. As a result, this fragment was not able to move fast and further from the well. However, the MST 11 restriction enzyme recognised and had cut the normal gene which was present. Therefore, when the DNA strand was cut, two shorter fragments were formed which easily travelled through the pores and were able to travel away from the wells. The A gene with the shorter fragment travelled further compared to the remaining fragm ent. Sample E (Unborn Childs DNA) had the same results as Sample A (Control for Sickle Cell Anaemia Gene). Only 1 band was observed on the gel under the UV Transilluminator. Since the sample is homozygous for sickle cell (Hb SS), the baby had inherited 2 copies of defective gene from the parents. The restriction enzyme did not recognize the Sickle cell gene (CCT- GTG- G) and did not cut the DNA strand. As a result, the fragment remained as 1 long fragment and was not able to squeeze though the pores of agarose gel easily. This fragment moved extremely slow and could not move very far from the wells. The inheritance pattern which had caused the child to be Homozygous for SCD had been discussed above (Figure 3). SCD can lead to complications such as anaemia, jaundice and stroke if left untreated (Pan et al, 2007) (Nagababu et al, 2008). This is because, when substitution of amino acid occurs due to the mutation, a new longitudinal polymer which has valine in the 6th position of the beta chain instead of glutamic acid is polymerized. Haemoglobin S is formed due to this. During hypoxia (less oxygen supply to tissues), aggregation of haemoglobin takes place due to the presence of the hydrophobic valine instead of the polar glutamic acid in the 6th position of the ÃŽ ² -globin chain (Cleon et al, 2009) (Stuart and Nagel, 2004). As a result, red blood cells with sickle shape which are fragile and not flexible are formed (Nagababu et al, 2008) (Pan et al, 2007) (Manchikanti et al, 2007). C:UserscompaqDesktoprd_sicklecell.jpg Figure 5: The complications of Untreated Sickle Cell Disease (ICAGEN Ion Channel Advances, 2010) Children with SCD will normally be closely observed by a paediatrician in order to ensure they are healthy. These children will be subscribed with folic acid to be taken daily to stay healthy. Besides that, penicillin is also required in order to prevent them from getting illnesses due to their weak and immature immune system (Ndefo et al, 2009). Complications due to Sickle Cell Disease Treatment Streptococcus Pneumoniae sepsis Newborn 5 years (Penicillin VK) 2years and above (23- valent Streptococcus Pneumoniae polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) Bone marrow Aplasia and Megaloblastic erythropoiesis Folic acid Stroke Blood transfusions Pain Episodes Hydroxyurea (complete blood count monitored every 2 weeks, Hb F monitored every 6 -8 weeks, and serum chemistries monitored every 2- 4 weeks) Other than that, hydroxyurea are also given to children with SCD. Hydroxyurea works by activating the fetal haemoglobin production to replace the production of Haemoglobin S which results in SCD (Ndefo et al, 2008). Children with SCD who has a high risk for developing stroke, will be given blood transfusion frequently (Vichinsky et al, 2007) (Kirkham, 2007). A blood transfusion replaces the sickle cells with normal red blood cells which leads to a good supply of oxygen to the brain, which will reduce the chances of stroke in children (Kirkham, 2007) (Nagababu et al, 2008). Unfortunately, blood transfusions causes iron overload in the body because the body lacks mechanism to excrete iron (Vichinsky et al, 2007). An overload of iron results in iron deposition in various organs which can be fatal if untreated (Vichinsky et al, 2007). Therefore, children with regular blood transfusions will be given chelating agents (Vichinsky et al, 2007) such as desferrioxamine to excrete iron from the body through the urine and faeces. Bone marrow transplantation is the only cure for SCD (Ndefo et al, 2008). The affected bone marrow will be replaced with a closely matched Human Lymphocyte Antigen (HLA) bone marrow from a healthy individual (Ndefo et al, 2008). Bone marrow transplants enables, new and normal healthy red blood cells to be produced. The disadvantages of bone marrow transplantations are the occurrence of Graft Versus- Host Disease (GVHD). Based on the study by Ndefo et al (2008), it was suggested that there will be an 85% chance of survival free from SCD, 7% chance of developing bone marrow transplant complications and a 9% chance of GVHD failure rate with a bone marrow transplant procedure. Conclusion As a conclusion, gel electrophoresis is found to be an excellent way to aid in the analysis of sickle cell genes. Using gel electrophoresis, many samples can be analysed at the same time, and its results are specific and accurate. The disadvantages of this method are that analytical errors might occur due to the large amount of sample handling and it is costly. Although it is costly, this method can increase the awareness of the carriers of SCD about the presence of Hb S in them, which can aid in their future family planning. Children with homozygous SCD, can be prevented from suffering from SCD complicatio

Essay --

In the field of medicine, diagnosis and management are initiated by the presence of symptoms. Nevertheless, a number of technological advancements allow for an individuals disease susceptibility to be identified, through DNA-based diagnostic testing. Although seen as the â€Å"holy grail† in disease prevention and management, DNA testing raises issues that can lead to widespread disapproval amongst the public. Hereditary Haemochromatosis (HH), an autosomal recessive disorder, is a disease that can not only be treated effectively, but if identified early it can also be prevented. HH is a metabolic disorder caused by a mutation in the hemochromatosis (HFE) protein, leading to an increase in intestinal iron absorption despite adequate or even excessive iron stores that lead to liberal iron accumulation in the body, thus causing irreversible organ damage. (Fowler, 2008) HH is commonly known as adult onset-HH, as the disorder is often asymptomatic, with excessive iron accumulation observed after the age of 40 predominantly in the liver, but also in the pancreas, pituitary, heart, joints, and skin. This can lead to clinical complications such as cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, arthritis and liver fibrosis, in addition to skin hyperpigmentation. (Papanikolaou and Pantopoulos, 2004) In the bloodstream, iron binds to transferrin, establishing an iron-transferrin complex (diferric transferrin). Iron is released from transferrin when the compound binds with the transferrin receptor at the hepatocyte surface. Binding of the HFE protein to the transferrin receptor reduces the affinity of the transferrin receptor for the iron-transferrin complex; which in turn reduces the amount of iron being released by the complex. (Vora, 2012) The HFE protein is ... ...d be tested for, in order to minimise the adverse effects it may have on any one individual or family. These individuals adopted a deontological approach, where they believe the well-being of each individual in a population should be accounted for by the health sector. Conclusively, genetic screening for HH can be approached from many interest groups, each with their own contrasting view, based on their rational. As a young scientist, I believe that the well-being of each individual in the population should be cared for when implementing any genetic screening. Even though haemochromatosis has a low penetrance rate, and is rarely seen in non Caucasian ethnicities, the continuous admixture of ethnicities, its 1 in 300 prevalence rate and its preventability, indicates that any test for it cannot be dismissed, regardless of its ethnic discrimination or other issues.

A Poetry Analysis on Modern Love

Modern Love George Meredith â€Å"Modern Love. † The term brings to mind the changing dynamic of today's society. This change has been present for decades and continues on to this day. In George Meredith's poem he illiterates the negative impact of this change in a case that could encompass so many couples; the pain of a loveless marriage. Through his use of diction, and metaphor Meredith show the pain and heartache of two people being so close, yet so emotionally distant. Similar essay: How to be Old Poem AnalysisThe first line of the poem begins the dark theme (By this he knew she wept with waking eyes), showing how the husband has seen his wife's suffering; as well as painting a memorable picture through the use of alteration. The alteration serves another purpose as well. It's smooth deliverance shows just how used to the situation the husband is to his wife's tears. In line 2 we see just how helpless the husband is to help, his hand â€Å"quivers† out of nervousness, and in line 3 we see the extent of the wife's sobs (Shook their common bed).The dark selection of diction continues as metaphors are employed in lines 5&6 (And strangled mute, like little gaping snakes, dreadfully venomous to him). The truly telling word in these lines is â€Å"Strangled,† this extremely active verb implies force. This describes the situation of any willfully married wife during the time the poem was written. They had little choice in not only their husb and, but also in the lifestyle handed to the by that husband, not to mention that divorce during this time period was early unheard of.The next lines hint at the wife's feeling of death, (â€Å"Stone-still†) showing her complete hopelessness at the situation imposed on her. Lines 8-12 have the same dark imagery (â€Å"Pale drug of silence†, â€Å"Sleep's heavy measure†, â€Å"move-less†, â€Å"Dead black years†), but those same images fit into another, larger image. The author uses them to describe her â€Å"Giant heart of memories and tears. † Meredith clearly shows the long lasting nature of the wife's pain, as well as the multitude of sleepless nights that all weigh against her heart.The only relief from the torture is presented in â€Å"Sleep's Heavy Measure. † The choice of the word â€Å"effigies† could possibly be the most significant of the entire work. Effigies are stone representations of a person, normally used only after death. The image of death is repeated in the 15th and 16th lines as well, (Upon their marriage-tomb, the sword between; Each wishing for the sword that severs all) these lines are used to show the reader several things. First, the emotional death of the parties involved, second the death of the marital bond, and third the longing for literal death.Meredith's choice of words and formulation of metaphors steer the reader away from the bright connotations of love and into the darker feelings that society in the Victorian era was happy to ignore. His work was very nearly satirical in nature, it challenged the social conventions of marriage at the time and began to show how both parties in a marriage were both influence by, and responsible for the health of a marriage. The true feeling and innate sadness in the poem comes from not only the lack of love and affection, but also the torture of conforming to the standers of the day.

Effects Of Child Death Rates On Children - 1211 Words

As a child, everyone remembers having to get shots. My first memorable experience with shots came at age four. I didn’t understand why I needed shots. All I knew was this sharp thing was going to be stuck in my arm and it was going to hurt. Before I got my four year old shots I received my first set of vaccines, vaccines that people are now claiming are dangerous. Research shows that child death rates have been reduced by more than half since 1990 due to vaccinations (Asia News Monitor). The vaccinations are given though out infancy and childhood to prepare the immune system against any possible outbreak of these potentially fatal diseases. Vaccinations involve an injection of, in most cases, an attenuated version†¦show more content†¦Both have reasons to believe what they do. It has been known that ever since the vaccines for diseases like diphtheria and measles were introduced in the twentieth century, the number of deaths related to these diseases decreased by more than 500 percent. On the other hand, the mid-twentieth century was also the time when such indicators as nutrition, sanitation and healthcare, and other important factors of spreading vaccine-preventable diseases have been greatly improved (McMahon-Pratt, 2005). It is rather difficult to objectively determine what influenced the decrease in the number of deaths – the invention of antibiotics in the 1940’s, the improvement of sanitation and healthcare standards, or the introduction of certain vaccines. Those opposing mandatory vaccination choose to believe that it was the first two factors rather than the third one. There are facts to support both versions. For example, death rates from the pertussis (whooping cough) declined from 12,000 deaths per year in 1905 to less than 1,000 deaths per year in 1950 – 12 times less. But as the pertussis vaccine was not widespread until late 1940’s, we can logically assume it obviously was not the vaccine that influenc ed the mentioned decrease. At the same time, since the vaccine was introduced and